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María Querol-Bataller

University of Valencia, Spain

 

Abstract

This study aims to enhance the teaching and learning of the Chinese particle 呢 (ne) by providing a comprehensive description of its communicative functions and exploring its pedagogical treatment in materials for adult learners. The methodology is structured in three phases: a literature review of linguistic and pedagogical works; the development of a multi-level theoretical framework based on Relevance Theory, exemplified through authentic conversations from the C-ORAL-CHINA corpus; and an exploratory analysis of the presence and presentation of the particle in a selection of textbooks used in formal adult education programs in Spain, including Spanish Official Language Schools (EOIs) and East Asian Studies degree. The primary contribution of this work is an interpretative model where呢 (ne) functions simultaneously across three levels: the discourse level (signaling the relevance of previous information), the intentional level (marking a contrast), and the interactional level (prompting listener engagement). On this basis, the article highlights that the teaching of 呢 (ne) can be enhanced by integrating multi-level descriptions into pedagogical practice through guided discovery and authentic materials. In this way, the study shows how linguistic research can contribute to language teaching by providing increasingly precise descriptions of linguistic resources for systematic classroom instruction.

 

Keywords

Chinese language, 呢 (ne), human communication, multifunctionality, language teaching

 

语气词“呢（ne）”的用法与语用功能探析：以促进汉语教学为目标
 

玛丽亚·凯罗尔 - 巴塔耶尔

巴伦西亚大学，西班牙

 

摘要

本研究旨在通过对汉语语气助词“呢”的交际功能进行全面描述，并探讨其在成人学习者教材中的处理方式，以促进其教与学。研究方法分为三个阶段 ：首先，对语言学及教学领域的相关文献进行综述 ；其次，以关联理论为基础构建多层次理论框架，并借助 C-ORAL-CHINA 语料库中的真实会话进行例证 ；最后，通过探索性分析，考察该助词在西班牙成人正规教育项目（包括西班牙官方语言学校及东亚研究学位课程）所用教材中的呈现与讲解方式。本研究的主要贡献在于提出一个解释性模型，指出“呢”可同时在三个层面运作 ：话语层面（标示前述信息的关联性）、互动层面（促发听者参与）及意向层面（标记对比关系）。基于此，本文强调，通过引导式发现与真实语料将多层次描述融入教学实践，能够有效提升“呢”的教学效果。由此可见，语言学研究可通过为系统化课堂讲授提供更为精准的语言资源描述，从而对语言教学作出切实贡献。

 

关键词

汉语，“呢”，人际交际，多功能性，语言教学